Characterization of Escherichia Coli Strains and Salmonella Enterica Serovars Isolated in Gallus Gallus and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Wesonga, Stephen Makokha (2010) Characterization of Escherichia Coli Strains and Salmonella Enterica Serovars Isolated in Gallus Gallus and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility. Masters thesis, Kenyatta University.

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Abstract

Indigenous chicken production in most African countries including Kenya is traditionally based on free feed resources available in the surrounding environment. There is a high risk of zoonosis that could be an important source of enteric pathogens transmissible to humans. The apparently healthy chicken, like other food animals shed enteric pathogens, notably Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli that are associated with antimicrobial resistance. The purpose of this study was to characterize and investigate antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from indigenous chicken rectal swabs in a leading slaughterhouse cum market outlet in Nairobi, Kenya. Seventy E. coli strains showed resistance phenotypes to one, two or more antibiotics. The most common antimicrobial resistance pattern was the single resistance pattern to Tetracycline (21.43%), followed by Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Tetracycline (14%), Augumentin, Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole and Tetracycline (4.29%), Augumentin, Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, Tetracycline, Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol (2.86%), Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Cotrimoxazole and Tetracycline (2.86%); and Cefuroxime, Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Cefuroxime, Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole, Augumentin and Ampicillin (1.43%) respectively. The highest rate of resistance was against Tet (55.7%), followed by Cot (40%). Third in line of resistance was Amp 32.86%, followed by Aug (11.43%), low or moderate resistance was against Chl (8.57%), Kan (4.29%), and Crx (2.86%) (P<0.0002). Salmonella typhimurium recovered displayed single resistance pattern to Tet (16.67%), Gen Cot Tet (8.33%), Amp Cot Tet (8.33%), Aug Amp Cot Tet (8.33%) and Amp Cot Tet Chl (16.67%). The highest resistance was against Tet (58.3%), Cot (41.7%), Amp (33.3%), Chl (16.7%), Aug and Gen (8.3%) respectively (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Routine surveillance at slaughter/market outlets for Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium should be done to identify infected flocks as a procedure for food safety and security program

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QR Microbiology
Divisions:	Africana
Depositing User:	Tim Khabala
Date Deposited:	28 Mar 2018 14:04
Last Modified:	28 Mar 2018 14:04
URI:	http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/3653

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