Bantie, Laychiluh (2011) In vivo Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Extract of Croton Macrostachys (Euphorbiaceae) against Plasmodium Berghei in Mice. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Malaria is a major public health problem in the world in general and developing countries in particular, causing an estimated 0.7-1 million deaths per year, an annual incidence of 109-311 million clinical cases and more than 3.3 billion people are at risk of infection. Yet, in the face of no clinically available vaccines, it is becoming more difficult to treat malaria due to the ever increasing drug resistance. Therefore, the need for developing newer drugs is imperative. This study aimed at investigating the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of methanolic extracts of leaves from the traditionally used medicinal plant, named Croton macrostachys (Euphorbiaceae) A rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium berghei, was used to inoculate healthy male Swiss Albino mice of age 6 weeks and weight 23-27 g. Both the four day suppression test and Rane’s (curative) tests were employed. The mice were infected with 1x107 parasites intraperitonially. The hydro-alcoholic extract (200, 400 and 600 g/kg), standard drug (Chloroquine, 25 g/kg) and vehicle (distilled water) were administered by an intragastric tube daily for the treatment period. Blood sample was taken on the 5th The study indicated that the 80% methanolic extract of C.macrostachys had a promising antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive P. berghei that could in part explain the traditional use of the plant for treating malaria. day and smears were prepared. Parasite counting was done (6 fields per slide), average was taken and percent parasitemia suppression was calculated. Daily measurement of rectal temperature and body weight was also taken while packed cell volume (PCV) was recorded on day 0 & 5. The mice were also followed till they die and survival time was recorded. The extract of C.macrostachys significantly inhibited parasitemia in infected mice at all dose levels in both models (p<0.001 in all cases). All the 3 dose levels reduced parasitemia in a dose dependant manner. Percent parasitemia calculation revealed 44, 78 and 91% inhibition in the 4 day suppressive and 39, 69 and 83% inhibition in curative tests at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of the extracts, respectively. The test extract prevented loss of weight (p<0.001 for 400 mg/kg & p<0.01 for 600 mg/kg ) and temperature (p<0.01 for 200 and 400 mg/kg, p<0.001 for 600 mg/kg) associated with the increase in parasitemia level. Survival time was improved by 400 and 600 mg/kg doses of the extract (p < 0.001 in both cases) in comparison with the negative controls in both models
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jun 2018 14:22 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jun 2018 14:22 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/5535 |
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