Kidane, Dawit (2005) Garlic and Orange Plant Materials Evaluation for the Control of Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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PDF (Garlic and Orange Plant Materials Evaluation for the Control of Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Ethiopia.)
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Abstract
At present much emphasis is being placed in the use of botanical pesticide in the protection of storage insect pests, which have gradually been ignored and also to avoid problems with insecticide resistance. Experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of Allium sativum L. and Citrus sinesis L. against Sitophilus spp. and Zabrotes subfasciatus under laboratory conditions. For comparison pirimiphos-methyl and untreated check were included and the experiments arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. One hundred percent mortality of Sitophilus spp. was obtained with water and acetone extracts at the rate of 30g/100ml applied at 3ml/ filter paper after 48 and 96 hour of exposure, respectively. Similar result was obtained for Z. subfasciatus at 20g/100ml rate of extraction. Essential oil from C. sinesis at the highest rate of 750mg/10 ml of acetone applied at 3ml per filter paper gave 100% mortality for both Z. subfasciatus and Sitophilus spp. Allium sativum applied as powder and extracts to the haricot bean were toxic to Z. subfasciatus which caused significant percent mortality of weevils. The highest concentration of acetone extract of A. sativum applied at the rate 15ml/250g of grain caused 82 percent mortality after 96 hours. Grains treated with 15g of sun dried powder of orange peel and 750mg of essential oil killed 65 and 67 percent of Z. subfasciatus after 96 hours respectively. Similarly, A. sativum power had low effect on progeny production of Z. subfasciatus, but grains treated with ethanol and acetone extracts of A. sativum, orange peel powder and essential oil of orange peel reduced progeny production of Z. subfasciatus by more than 92 percent. Citrus sinesis peel oil reduced 100 percent progeny production of Z. subfasciatus at all dosage levels used. All the treatments were repellent to Z. subfasciatus, with the highest dosage of ethanol extracts of A. sativum and fresh chopped garlic evoking the highest repellent action. The treatments, however, showed lower repellency effect against Sitophilus spp. except fresh chopped garlic with 72 percent repellency. The essential oil of orange peel had a high level of toxicity in the fumigation bioassay against Z. subfasiatus and Sitophilus species in impregnated filter paper. The effect of these promising botanicals on weevil progeny survival as well as on seed germination and seed weight loss are discussed.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QL Zoology |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Selom Ghislain |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Oct 2018 14:25 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2018 14:25 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/5758 |
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