Misganaw, Abireham (2016) Assessment of Diarrhea in Under-Five Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Open Defecation and Open Defecation Free Rural Settings in Dangla District, North West Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: Open defecation is a widespread problem in the developing world. This practice facilitates the transmission of diarrheal diseases – one of the leading causes of mortality in children under 5 in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, still the national open defecation rate in 2014 was 34.1% (37.9% rural, and 8.7% at urban) Objective:To assess diarrheal morbidity in under-five children and associated factors in ODF and non-ODF settings in Dangla district, north-west Ethiopia, 2016 Methods: The study periodwasFebruary 2016.A community based comparative cross-sectional studydesign wasemployed. A multistage random sampling technique also applied. Thetotal sample size was be 550 i.e. 275 NODF and 275 ODF.A structured questionnaire and observation checklist wasapplied.After selecting 10 kebeles from each setting, the samples were distributed proportionally by their number of under-five children’s. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Addis Ababa University School of Public Health and Dangla woreda Administration Result:A total of 525 (263 from ODF and 262 from NODF) participants were interviewed making the response rate 95.45 %.The prevalence of diarrhea were 9.9% inODF and 36.1%in NODF kebeles (X2=50.791, P=0.000). From the total respondents, 158(60.3%) from ODF and 188(71.5%) from NODF kebeles uses unimproved water sources. The majority of the respondents in both ODF and NODF kebeles use jerrycan as their main storage for drinking water.The majority of respondents in both settings have private latrine. In ODF kebeles,Child immunization (AOR=0.037; 95%CI: 0.006-0.243), latrine presence (AOR=0.036; 0.006-0.233), water shortage (AOR=8.756; 95%CI: 1.130-67.831) and solid waste disposal (AOR=0.143; 95%CI: 0.020-0.998)have statistically significantassociationwith diarrhea. Whereas in NODF kebeles Child Immunization (AOR=0.032; 95CI:0.008-0.123), water access of 7.5-15liter/day (AOR=0.029; 95%CI: 0.006-0.152) and water access of greater than 15liter/day (AOR=0.068;95%CI:0.010-0.474),water shortage(AOR=18.478; 95%CI: 4.692-72.760) and Proper solid waste disposal(AOR=0.023;95%CI:0.005-0.117]) have statistically significantassociation with diarrhea. Conclusion and recommendation: ODF status reduced the overall prevalence of under-five diarrhea among the individuals living in the ODF villages compared with the NODF villages. It is better to work together with line ministries, regions, zones, woreda health structures, government partners, and local NGO`s to improve, latrine presence at household, water shortage in household and solid waste disposal practices.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Oct 2018 08:19 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Oct 2018 08:19 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/5876 |
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