Desta, Kassa Misgina (2003) Characterization of Peripheral Blood Leucocyte Subsets in Acute Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax Malaria Infections at Wonji Sugar Estate, Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the absolute counts and percentages of lymphocyte and granulocyte subsets and monocytes in acute P. falciparum (pf) and P. vivax (pv) infections. Effect of HIV infection on haematological and Parasitological values was also assessed. Three-colour flow cytometry was used for enumerating the immune cells. Coulter Counter was used to determine haematological values. Parasite species were detected using light microscopy. HIV testing was done using Determine, ELISA and Western blot. Data was analysed using STATA and SPSS softwares. 166 acute malaria patients of whom 82 (49.4%) were infected with pf, 81 (48.8%) infected with pv, and 3 (1.8%) infected with both pf and pv were included in the study. 8 (4.8%) (3 pf and 5 pv patients) were HIV positives. As a control, 87 age-matched subjects (46 HIV negatives and 41 HIV positives) were included. Trophozoite density was increased in HIV positive falciparum patients than in the negatives (P=0.031). Moreover, although statistically insignificant, sexual and asexual parasitemia was higher in HIV positive pv patients than in the negatives. Haemoglobin (hgb), haematocrit (hct) and platelet (plt) levels were lower in pf and pv malaria patients (P<0.0001) than in controls. Plt level was lower in HIV positive falciparum patients than in the negatives (P=0.049). A decrease in hct and hgb levels in both pf and pv patients was also observed in the HIV infected. WBC count in pf patients was lower than in controls (P=0.015). Compared to healthy controls, significant decrease in the absolute counts of CD4+, CD8+, B, CD3+ and total lymphocytes was found in pf (P<0.0001) and pv (P<0.0001) malaria patients. However, NK cell count was not affected by pf or pv malaria parasite infections. No difference was found in CD4%, CD8% and CD3% in either pf or pv, whereas B and total lymphocyte percentages were lower in both pv (P=0.002 and P<0.0001 respectively) and pf (P=0.008 and P<0.0001 respectively) malaria patients. Monocyte (P=0.007) and neutrophil (P=0.035) counts were significantly increased only during pv infection. On the other hand, eosinophil and basophil counts were decrease in pf (P<0.05) but not during pv malaria. There was a negative correlation of CD4+, NK, CD3+, total lymphocytes and monocyte count with the asexual stage parasite densities of pf (P<0.05), while neutrophil counts in pf and pv malaria were positively correlated (P<0.05). Comparing the two malaria groups, CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, total lymphocytes, monocyte and basophil counts were lower in pf than in pv only in the rainy season (P<0.05). This study strongly suggests the need for special considerations when dealing with malaria patients. This includes: a) enumeration of immune cells for diagnostic or research purposes; b) studies done on peripheral blood to evaluate immune status of patients c) the effect of HIV on malaria parasitemia and haematological values.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Selom Ghislain |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jun 2018 08:13 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jun 2018 08:13 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/5987 |
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