Spatial Distribution of Under Immunization among Children 12-23 Months Old in Butajira, Southern Ethiopia

Ketsela, Admassu (2016) Spatial Distribution of Under Immunization among Children 12-23 Months Old in Butajira, Southern Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.

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Abstract

According to WHO, Immunization helps to prevent between 2 and 3 million deaths globally each year and it is widely accepted that it is one of the most cost-effective health interventions. Despite all its advantages immunization in Ethiopia fell short of achieving the target set by the UN MDGs to achieve overall immunization rate of 90 % for all developing countries by the year 2015 evidenced by immunization rate of only 24 % as to the recent 2011 EDHS. Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution of under immunization in 12 to 23 months old children and determinants of under immunization clustering in Butajira HDSS. Methodology A cross sectional survey was done from March, 2016 up to April, 2016 in Butajira HDSS. Data on immunization status was collected by going to Households and interviewing mothers and /or by observation of vaccination card kept at home. The analysis of under immunization cluster was done by using the SatScan software employing the purely spatial Bernoulli‟s model. Results and Discussion This study identified one significant cluster of under immunization among children 12–23 months of age within the Butajira HDSS .The most statistically significant under immunization cluster covered an area East of the Town of Butajira, including parts of the Kebeles of Bati Lejano to the North and Mekakelegna Jare demeka to the South. Children in this cluster had 1.24 (P value=0.011) times the rate of under immunization compared with children outside of that cluster , the study also identified factors like having received TT vaccination by mother, and delivery of the last pregnancy at home or with a TBA as predictors of cases of under immunization to be within the under immunization clusters with an adjusted Odds ratio of [AOR 5.1 [2.56, 10.1] P=0.000**] and [AOR 2.21 [1.06, 4.63] P=0.035*] respectively. Conclusion and Recommendations Under immunization of 12-23 months old children and under immunization with specific vaccines such as Polio, BCG, DPT (1-3) and Measles clustered geographically in the Butajira HDSS. Spatial studies including the current study could be effective in pinpointing areas of under immunization clustering, which would be very useful to programme managers of public health institutions in Ethiopia and beyond.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:	R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Divisions:	Africana
Depositing User:	Vincent Mpoza
Date Deposited:	28 Jun 2018 09:32
Last Modified:	28 Jun 2018 09:32
URI:	http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6005

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