Shitaye, Getasew (2017) The Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency among Apparently Healthy Individuals in Selected Malaria Endemic Areas from Different Agroecological Zones of Ethiopia Using Phenotyping and Genotyping Approaches. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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PDF (The Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency among Apparently Healthy Individuals in Selected Malaria Endemic Areas from Different Agroecological Zones of Ethiopia Using Phenotyping and Genotyping Approaches)
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Abstract
Background: - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) is common in malaria endemic regions that hinder the use of 8-aminoquinoline drugs as a radical cure for malaria due to the risk of inducing hemolytic anemia. Objective: - To investigate G6PDd among apparently healthy individuals in selected malaria endemic areas from different agroecological zones of Ethiopia. Methods: - a community based cross sectional survey involving 1609 individuals was done using genotypic and phenotypic analysis. CareStart™ Rapid Diagnostic kit (RDT) was used to screen for G6PD enzyme activity. Sequencing and polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism were done for further confirmation for all phenotypically detected enzymatic deficiencies and screened representative samples from those which tested phenotypically normal. Dried Blood Spot was collected for molecular analysis. Phenotypically deficient individuals were genotyped for the mutations, G202A, A376G and C563T. Plasmodium blood-stage parasitaemia detection was performed using the CareStart™ Malaria Ag PLDH/HRP2 and nested Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: - G6PDd detected using the phenotypic approach was less (22/1609, 1.4%) than the genotypic approach (31/222, 14%). Of the 22 G6PDd individuals detected by CareStart™ RDT, 13 (1.50%) males and 9 (1.21%) females, 16/400 (4.00%), 4/484 (0.8%) and 2/401 (0.5%) were from Gambella, Oromiya and Benishangule Gumuz respectively. Moreover, the G6PDd phenotypic prevalence was significantly higher 6.50 % (13/200) in the Agnuwak ethnic groups (x2 =47.3431 and P = 0.001). Of the 31 individuals found to be G6PDd by sequencing, 29% (9) hemizygous males, 16.13% (5) homozygous females and 54.84% (17) heterozygous females were found for 376A+ mutation. The highest asymptomatic malaria infection detected with RDT was P. falciparum. Conclusion: - This study found high Genetic diversity (14%) across the G6PD gene in the study population. As the use of currently available radical cures (gametocidal drugs) against plasmodium are known to induce hemolytic anemia, further studies in larger groups needs to be done. In this study the limited number (222/1609) of samples sequenced from all study sites resulted in higher number of G6PDd individuals.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | G6PD, G6PDd, Haemolytic anaemia, DNA sequencing, Haplotype, Gene mutation, Malaria, Ethiopia |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jun 2018 14:03 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jun 2018 14:03 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6197 |
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