Eshetu, Gizaw (2015) Detection and Characterization of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Stool of HIV Sero-positive Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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PDF (Detection and Characterization of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Stool of HIV Sero-positive Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis)
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Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in Africa is increasing because of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic, and in HIV ⁄ AIDS patients, it presents atypically. Smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is more common in HIV-infected patients and leads to diagnostic delay, which increases morbidity and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). Objective: To detect and characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis in stool of HIV sero-positive patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study of PTB diagnosis among PLHIV from stool sample was carried out from January 2014 – July 2014. During the data collection period, a total of 117 PLHIV suspected to be suffering from PTB was recruited. Microscopic examination, culture, and PCR were performed to detect and characterize M. tuberculosis. The presence of M. tuberculosis was compared in sputum and stool samples simultaneously collected from patients suspected for pulmonary tuberculosis. Data was entered and cleared using EpiData version 3.1, then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Results: Of the 117 patients suspected of having PTB, 33 (28.2%) were sputum culture positive. Of these, 10 (30.3%) were sputum and stool culture positive for M. tuberculosis. Of the 84 sputum, culture negative cases, three (3.6%) were stool culture positive with measure of agreement 0.328. Eleven of 117(9.4%) patients were positive by sputum smear. Of 11 (9.4%) sputum, smear positive, three (27.3%) were both sputum and stool smear positive for M. tuberculosis. Of the 106-sputum smear negative, stool smear permitted the diagnosis of one (1%) PTB patient though the sensitivity (12.1%) was very low and kappa value of 0.18. As compared to sputum culture, the sensitivity of stool PCR was 69.7% with substantial agreement 0.67. Sputum PCR detected additional 4/81 (4.9%) from the bacteriologically negative PTB patients. We did spoligotyping and T family (43.5%), family 33 (41.3%), CAS family (4.3%), H family (4.3%), H37Rv family (4.3%) and Beijing family (2.2%) were isolated. Conclusion: M. tuberculosis was detected in stool of PLHIV. Hence, examination stool sample along with sputum sample increases diagnoses of PTB in PLHIV.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jun 2018 11:05 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2018 11:05 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6277 |
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