Tessema, Asdesach (2017) Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Wound Infections at All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Center, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: Wound develops into an infected state when the balance between microorganism and the host shifts in favour of the micro-organism. Antimicrobial resistance occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of drugs. Objective: The main objective of this study was to isolate etiology of wound infections and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at ALERT Center from February to May 2017. Swabs from different types of wounds was taken and processed to isolate etiologic agents by using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by disc diffusion technique as per the standard modified Kirby-Bauer method. Results: In this study 171 bacterial isolates were recovered from 188 specimens showing an isolation rate of 86.2%. The predominant bacteria isolated from the infected wounds were Staphylococcus aureus 96 (51.1%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 26 (15.2%), Escherichia coli 23(13.4%). Out of 162 positive samples 9(5.5%) were mixed infections. Staphylococcus aureus exhibited highest sensitivity against Clindamycin (95.8%), Gentamycin (94.8%), Chloramphenicol (92.7%), Ciprofloxacillin (89.6%) and Cotrimoxazole (84%). Gram negative isolates, E.coli, P.vulgaris, P.mirabilis, P.aeroginosa and Citrobacter showed the highest sensitivity against Amikacin (100 %). E.coli showed high resistance for Ampicilin (95.7%) and Augumentin (91.3%) where as P.vulgaris showed 100% resistance for Ampicilin and 90.9 % for Tetracycline. Conclusion: There was high prevalence of bacterial isolates in this study. S. aureus was the predominant isolate 96 (56.1%). Most of the isolates showed high resistance to commonly used antimicrobials. The antimicrobial profile of drugs demonstrated that the commonly prescribed drugs against Gram positive bacteria (Penicillin, Tetracycline) and Gram-negative bacteria (Ampicillin and Tetracycline) as a single agent for empirical treatment of wound infections would not cover the majority of wounds infections. Antimicrobial treatment should be based on the result of culture and sensitivity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | wound infection, bacterial isolates, drug resistance pattern |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jul 2018 11:47 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jul 2018 11:47 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6369 |
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