Bekele, Hamelmal (2017) Mother- to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection and Its Associated Factor among Exposed Infants on Care and Follow-Up in Selected Health Centers, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2017. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Back ground: Mother to child transmission of HIV is responsible for about 20% of all HIV transmissions of which 95% are found in the Sub-Saharan Africa. Without any intervention, MTCT of HIV among non-breastfeeding infants’ ranges from 14-32% in developed nations to 25- 48% in resource limited populations. Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) is still the most effective intervention in fighting new HIV infections. Objective: To assess the transmission rate and the associated factors of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection among Exposed Infants on Care and Follow-Up in selected health centers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017 Methods and Materials: A facility based retrospective study was conducted on HIV exposed infants who were on care and follow up from September 2012 to August 2016 enrolled in 10 selected health centers from Lideta, Arada and NifasSilkeLafto Sub Cities. The study was conducted from January to June 2017 by revising records of HIV positive mothers’ and their HIV exposed infants’ at PMTCT clinics of the 10 selected health centers. For this study the sample size was 228; the study subjects were selected using simple random sampling method. Results: Of the 228 infants 5 (2.2%) were found HIV positive during follow up. Two hundred twenty (96.5%) had exclusive breastfeeding, whereas 8 (3.5 %) of the study subjects had exclusive replaced formula feeding. ART prophylaxis was given to 225 (98.7 %) of the exposed infants, only 2 (0.9%) haven’t received ART prophylaxis. Initiation time of ART for the mother was significantly associated with the HIV status of exposed infants {AOR=0.32, 95%CI (0.015- 0.74)}. Conclusion and Recommendation: The study revealed that very low prevalence of mother to child transmission of HIV. There is a need to maintain current implementation of prevention of mother to child transmission program to help ensure that continually maintain low MTCT of HIV prevalence.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | HIV; Breast feeding; MTCT; PMTCT; Infant HIV exposure |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ101 Child Health. Child health services R Medicine > RT Nursing |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jul 2018 10:46 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jul 2018 10:46 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6400 |
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