Assesment of Knowledge and Practice of Nurses Working in the ICU Towards Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pnumonia at Selected Governmental Hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2015/16

Aferu, Behailu (2016) Assesment of Knowledge and Practice of Nurses Working in the ICU Towards Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pnumonia at Selected Governmental Hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2015/16. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.

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Abstract

Hospital acquired infections (HAIs), defined as infections acquired during the patients’ stay in hospitals, constitute a major worldwide public health problem despite advances in our understanding and control of these infections (1). Over 1.4 million people worldwide suffer from HAIs with 5- 10% of patients admitted to modern hospitals in the developed world acquiring one or more of these infections. The risk of HAI in developing countries is 2- 20 times higher than in developed countries (2).The magnitude of the problem in terms of expenditure and human suffering being enormous. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia that occurs 48-72 hours or thereafter following endotracheal intubation, characterized by the presences of a new or progressive infiltrate, signs of systemic infection (fever, altered white blood cell count), changes in sputum characteristics, and detection of a causative agent (3). The prevalence rates of VAP ranging from 10% to 70% in critical care units (4).nosocomial infections mostly VAP are more common complications of care provided in ICU.The ICU mortality rate of infected patients was 25%, two times more than that for non-infected patients in an international study (5).Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a pulmonary infection that develops in patients hospitalized for more than 48 hours, either in the ICU or in other wards (6, 7). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), a subset of HAP that occurs in mechanically ventilated patients, is the most frequent ventilator-associated complications (6, 7). HAP/VAP represents a major cause of deaths, morbidity and resources utilization in hospitalized patients, most notably in those with severe underlying conditions, Although VAP is generally a severe illness, with the patient treated in the intensive care unit (ICU), non-intubated patients with HAP can have either mild or more severe pneumonia.(6, 8-12). VAP is most common nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) with an incidence ranging from 8 to 28% in intubated mechanically ventilated patients (13,14).It is the second most common nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the most common in mechanically ventilated patients (15, 16).

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:	R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine R Medicine > RT Nursing
Divisions:	Africana
Depositing User:	Vincent Mpoza
Date Deposited:	04 Jul 2018 07:54
Last Modified:	04 Jul 2018 07:54
URI:	http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6544

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