Adem, Ibrahim (2015) Ethiopian Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
The Ethiopia field epidemiology program is a two years service program in field epidemiology adapted from United States center for disease control and prevention (CDC) epidemic intelligence service (EIS) program. The program is designed to assist the ministry of health in building or strengthen health system by recruiting and promising health workers and building their competence through on the job mentorship and training. The program has two main components a class room -teaching component (25%) and practical attachment or field placement component (75%). A suspected measles outbreak was reported from Ofla Woreda to Tigray regional health bureau on January 2014. In the community -based on surveillance system the outbreak was suspected measles outbreak, not confirmed and no death. The surveillance system was provided rapid response and control during of the outbreaks. Our results indicate that the affected age groups cases which 38% > 15 yrs. The highest measles case was among age groups greater than 15 yrs. The individuals who have travel history areas with active measles outbreak cases were strong association for risk of measles infection. The risk of exposure is likely to be higher for individuals because of the overcrowding in house hold level. The community has knowledge about mode of transmission of measles. The risk of transmission for susceptible is low and measles transmission were also protective of disease. Another suspected measles outbreak was reported from Alamata Woreda from January, 2014. Our results indicate that highest cases were most affected in those age group >15 yrs. The highest measles case was among age groups <1 yr and >15 yrs. Vaccinated individuals previously for measles was at low risk of acquiring the diseases. The individuals who have knowledge about mode of transmission of measles were the risk of transmission for susceptible was low and protective. The risk of exposure is likely to be higher for individuals because of the overcrowding in house hold level. The surveillance system evaluation of malaria and measles was conducts to assess its usefulness to detect outbreaks and to estimate the magnitude of morbidity and mortality of disease in the area. Special attention required for the improvements such as: - in describe data analysis by person, place and time, in trend analysis, in completeness and timeliness reporting, in feedback and preparedness of bulletins and disseminated of findings, in communication technologies, in training will be conducted for all epidemic prone disease, in human resources, in supervision, emergency budget allocating and quality of reporting, analysis and feedback of daily and weekly surveillance. Over all there was a few dysentery cases in the region compare with other similar studies. So main finding results indicates the strong of health service system and available of strong environmentalsanitation and hygiene. Many infection diseases including dysentery are associated with contaminated water and food is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Encourage of exclusive breast feeding , Hand washing, improve the environmental sanitation and protect microbiological quality and to reduce the potential health risk of water to this house hold, intervention strategies is needed that is easy to use, effective, affordable, functional and sustainable. Many different water collection and storage systems have been developed and evaluated in the laboratory and under field conditions. In addition a Varity of physical and chemical treatment methods to improve the microbiological quality of water are available. Malaria was the top ten leading causes of morbidity in Chifra Woreda in 2012. Access to safe water supply was 48% and the latrine coverage was 23%. A total of students enrolled in 2011/2012 males greater than females in Secondary school and Improve safe water supply and increase latrine coverage and utilization. In addition to this Deployed human resources and strengthen the surveillance system and routine immunizations and reporting and documentation of data. In all health posts provides of electricity service. Distribution and provision of ITN to prevent the pastoral community from malaria. The livelihoods of Afar communities have been affected by recurrent drought, and associated health and nutrition emergencies. Belg non-food humanitarian need assessment was conducted in all zones in 15 selected woredas by Afar national regional state government in collaboration with concerned Federal Ministries and partner organizations. The overall goal of the assessments is to achieve the greatest possible reduction of mortality in children less than five years of age. Among the top five causes of morbidity Pneumonia, Diarrhea, Malaria, Acute upper Respiratory tract infections and pneumonia are the top five causes of morbidity in fewer than five cases in most of the woredas. The top five causes of morbidity in above five years are Malaria, Diarrhea, URTI, UTI and AFI. Number of malaria7826 cases in the 15 woreda in the past five months from January to May 2013. The potential risk factors for the occurrence of public health emergencies include low latrine coverage and utilization, shortage of safe water, interrupted river, lack of preparedness and response capacity in some woredas and no fund is allocated for preparedness activities in all assessed woredas. Also there were low LLINs, IRS and SIA coverage in most of the woredas. The plan encompasses activities such as provision of drugs and medical supplies, items for early detection and reporting, prevention of the spread of the outbreak, nutrition, preparedness and training.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jul 2018 09:08 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jul 2018 09:08 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6578 |
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