Tadesse, Belay (2014) In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-trypanosomal Activity of Dichloromethane and Methanol Crude Leaf Extracts of Dovyalis abyssinica (Flacourtiaceae) against Trypanosoma Congolense Field Isolate. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
African Trypanosomosis is a neglected tropical disease of medical and veterinary importance. Parasite control relies on the use of few drugs whose resistance and unacceptable toxicities urged the investigation of new agents, preferably from natural sources. Though Dovyalis abyssinica has been reported to posses significant trypanocidal activity on Trypanosoma brucei in in vitro model, activity on trypanosome infected laboratory animals has not yet been worked out. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the in vitro and in vivo activity of D. abyssinica on T. congolense field isolate. To evaluate the effect on motility, 200 μl T. congolense infected blood was mixed with 50 μl of 20, 10, 2, 0.1, 0.015 mg/ml dichloromethane and methanol extracts. Reduction or cessation of motility was then microscopically monitored for 120 minutes, and the remaining in vitro mixtures were inoculated to healthy mice and monitored for development of infection for 21 days. Furthermore, fifty T. congolense infected mice were randomly grouped into ten groups of five and administered with curative doses (250, 200, 150 and 100 mg/kg) of dichloromethane and methanol and 28 mg/kg diminazene aceturate and dimethylsulfoxide. Following administration, parasitemia, packed cell volume (PCV), rectal temperature, body weight and survival time were iii monitored. Suppressive doses of the extracts (250 and 200 mg/kg) were administered 24 hours post-infection and parasitemia was monitored. Dichloromethane and methanol extracts at 20, 10, 2 mg/ml concentrations ceased parasite motility within one hour and eliminated subsequent infectivity in mice for 21 days. Administration of dichloromethane and methanol extracts at 250 and 200 mg/kg reduced (p<0.05) parasitemia and rectal temperature, and improved (p<0.05) PCV, mean body weight, and mean survival time compared to DMSO treatment. In conclusion, D. abyssinica at higher concentrations in vitro and higher curative doses in vivo in mice posses anti-trypanosomal activity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anti-trypanosomal, D. abyssinica, in vitro, in vivo, T. congolense, mice |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jul 2018 10:02 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jul 2018 10:02 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6588 |
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