Eshetu, Kirubel (2015) Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of High Risk Human Papilloma Virus and Cervical cytology Abnormalities at Selected Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease affecting an estimated 530,000 women each year and leading to nearly 275,000 deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been recognized as an important cause of cervical cancer and it is implicated in 99.7% of cervical squamous cell cancer cases in the world. It is recognized as the third most common type of cancer in women worldwide and the second most prevalent cancer type and cause of cancer-related mortality in women in developing countries. In Ethiopia, every year 7095 women diagnosed with cervical cancer and 4732 die from the disease. Very low screening practice and inadequate screening coverage in the country makes cervical cancer as one of the major public health concern in Ethiopia. There is also insufficient data on the prevalence of HR-HPV and cervical cytology abnormalities as a nationwide basis. Objective: To assess the prevalence and genotype distribution of High Risk Human Papilloma Virus and Cervical Cytology abnormalities among women attending selected Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics, of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Method: Institutional based cross sectional study design was used in three selected Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, Addis Ababa; from 15th June to 10th October 2015. Cervical samples were collected from the os of the cervix using Abbott cervi-cyt collection material for HR HPV DNA and cyto-brush for Pap smear screening. A Structured Interview based questionnaire was administered to assess the associated risk factors. A total of 366 participants were enrolled based on the set inclusion criteria. High Risk HPV DNA was analyzed using Abbott Real Time PCR and cervical cytology screening using conventional Pap smear techniques. Data entry was performed using Epi-data version 3.1 and data analysis was performed by using STATA version 11.0. Result: The overall HR HPV prevalence was 13.7% (50/366), with 76% (38/50) of Other HR HPV genotypes. Abnormal cytology was observed in 13.1% (48/366) with 81.3%, 12.5%, and 6.3%, are LSIL, ASCUS and HSIL respectively. HR HPV DNA PCR and Conventional Pap smear cytology screening methods showed overall agreement of 78% with kappa value of 0.12, 95% CI (0.00-0.243). Conclusion and Recommendation In this study, Non-16/18 genotypes contributed the largest proportion of the overall HR HPV. The highest frequency of HR HPV positives was women without cervical cytology abnormality. The HR HPV with Pap smear co-screening in women whose age is >30 shall be in place. Further evaluation between the two screening methods against a perfect reference method shall be performed.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | High Risk Human Papilloma Virus, Cervical Cytology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prevalence, Genotype distribution, PCR, LSIL, ASCUS, HSIL |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD61 Risk Management Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Oct 2018 14:28 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Oct 2018 14:28 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6794 |
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