Effects of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation on the Hematological Parameters in Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Technologists Working in Selected Governmental Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Giragn, Eden (2016) Effects of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation on the Hematological Parameters in Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Technologists Working in Selected Governmental Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.

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Abstract

Background: Exposure to ionizing radiations including x-rays and gamma rays leads to abnormal hematological findings, cancer (including leukaemia), birth defects in the future children of exposed parents, and cataracts. There is no published report in Ethiopia addressing the effect of low dose radiation on hematological parameters. Objective: To compare the hematological profile such as (RBCs count, RBC indices, Hb, Hct levels, WBCs, platelets count and peripheral morphology) of medical imaging and therapeutic technologists and controls of selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Method: A comparative cross-sectional study with 182 participants in the period October 2015 to June 2016 was carried out. Of them, 91 were radiation exposed and 91 were controls. Hematological parameters were analyzed using Sysmex XT-2000i. Peripheral blood morphology was done from a stained smear. Data was entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Student t-test was used to compare the hematological parameter means between the two groups, the exposed and the control. Bivariate correlation statistics was used to draw association between the dependent and independent variables. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Data was cleaned, entered and analysed using SPSS 21. Result: Mean values of White Blood Cells, Mean Cell Hemoglobin, Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Distribution Width, Platelet Large Cell Ratio, Lymphocytes, Monocytes and Basophils have shown significant difference from the control group. The mean MCH, PDW, P-LCR were higher while WBC, MPV, LYMPH, MONO, and BASO were lower in the exposed group. Atypical lymphocytes were significantly higher in the exposed group; 65/91 of the exposed and only 7 of the non-exposed group have such abnormal picture. There were larger effects on the lymphocyte of exposed workers with high number of atypical lymphocytes. A smaller but not negligible effect was noted on white blood cells and medium effects on mean cell haemoglobin, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, platelet large cell ratio, Basophil and monocytes. Conclusion: It is not deniable that low dose ionizing radiation is imposing impact on the haematological as well as immunological system of medical imaging and therapeutic technologists as there are larger effects on the lymphocyte and basophil subsets of exposed workers.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: ionizing radiation, hematological parameters, atypical lymphocyte
Subjects: Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology
R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine
Divisions: Africana
Depositing User: Vincent Mpoza
Date Deposited: 24 Oct 2018 07:36
Last Modified: 24 Oct 2018 07:36
URI: http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7008

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