Tsegay, Ephrem (2014) Bacterial Profile and Drug Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Mekelle Hospital, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) in pregnancy is associated with significant morbidity for both the mother and the baby. However, little is known about UTI in pregnancy in the study area. Antimicrobial resistance among the pathogens that cause UTI is also increasing and is a major health problem in the treatment. Hence, proper investigation and prompt treatment are needed to prevent serious life threatening condition and morbidity due to UTI that can occur in pregnant women. Objectives: To identify the prevalent bacterial isolates that cause UTI and assess their antibiotic susceptibility pattern among symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women attending antenatal care in Mekele Hospital, Tigray Region. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out from January to August 2014 on a total of 168 pregnant women with and without symptoms of UTI that attended antenatal care at Mekelle Hospital. Mid-stream urine samples were collected and inoculated onto Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient medium (CLED). Colony counts yielding bacterial growth of ≥105cfu/ml is regarded as significant bacteriuria. Pure isolates of bacterial pathogen were characterized by colony morphology, gram-stain, and standard biochemical procedures. A standard method of agar disc diffusion susceptibility testing method was used to determine susceptibility patterns of the isolates. Results: In this study, the overall prevalence of UTI was 11.9%. Of this bacteriological screening of midstream urine specimens showed that 11.3% and 15.4%, had significant bacteriuria in asymptomatic and symptomatic group respectively. Prevalence of UTI was significantly associated with previous history of catheterization and urinary tract infection (p<0.05). Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism 6(30%) followed by coagulase negative staphylococcus 5(25%), Staphylococcus aureus 3 (15%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae 3 (15%). Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria accounted for (60) and (40%) respectively. Gram-negative isolates showed resistance rate of 100% to ampicillin and resistance against ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamycin, amoxicillinclavulnic acid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol ranged from 25- 50%. However, all Gram negative bacterial isolates revealed low level of resistance (16.7%) against nitrofurantoin and ceftriaxone. The rates of susceptibility of Grampositives to ceftriaxone, doxycycline, amoxicillin-clavulnic acid and vancomycin range from 62.5% - 100%. And they showed resistance rate of 75% and 87.5% to penicillin and ampicillin, respectively. Multiple drug resistance (resistance to two or more drugs) was observed in 90 % of the isolates. Conclusions and Recommendations:- Significant bacteriuria has been observed from both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women. Majority of the isolates were resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics. This calls for an early screening of all pregnant women for UTI and those found to be infected need to be treated with an appropriate drug to avoid complications.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bacterial profile, antibiotic resistance, pregnancy, Mekelle, Ethiopia |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Oct 2018 13:16 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Oct 2018 13:16 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7076 |
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