Tassew, Fasil Tefera (2016) Evaluation of Nephrotoxicity among Cervical and Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated With Cisplastin Based Chemotherapy at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Center, Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: Cancer is potentially fatal diseases; it can be caused by mainly environmental factors that mutate genes encoding critical cell-regulatory proteins. Cisplatin is a potent and an effective chemotherapeutic agent used to treat cervical and ovarian cancer, but is associated with the risk of nephrotoxicity. The prevalence of cisplatin based chemotherapy induced nephrotoxicity was not assessed in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the magnitudes of Cisplatin-based chemotherapy induced nephrotoxicity among cervical and ovarian cancer patients underwent cisplatin treatment at the oncology unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study has been conducted on 76 cervical and ovarian cancer patients who received cisplatin based chemotherapy. Clinical and laboratory data including kidney function tests were recorded at baseline and 21 days after treatment with cisplatin based chemotherapy. Serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and calcium have been analyzed using automated clinical chemistry analyzer (Mindray02) and estimated creatinine clearance has been calculated based on Cockcroft-Gault formula. Toxicities were classified according to the common toxicity criteria (CTC) scale set by (NCI CTC AE V4.0). Results: Serum creatinine, uric acid levels increased significantly during the 1 cycles of chemotherapy, whereas eGFR levels decreased significantly. Accordingly, the results were (1.0854 ±0.781SD), (5.9 ±2.7SD) and (50.217±14.0SD) respectively where the (P. value 0.001), (p.value 0.00) and (p. value 0.00). On the other hand, serum urea and calcium levels showed no statistical significant difference have been shown where (p. value>0.05). According to Pearson‟s correlation analysis showed pre and post chemotherapy there was a strong negative correlation between the eGFR and serum creatinine level correspondingly (rho: –0.150 Vs -0.136, P < 0.001), and Spearman‟s correlation analysis showed that there was a strong negative correlation between the eGFR and uric acid level after treatment (rho: –0.500, P < 0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation: Significant changes have been observed after the 1 cycle of cisplatin based chemotherapy treatment on the levels of serum creatinine, uric acid levels and decreased glomerular filtration rate. To effectively monitor nephrotoxicity, renal parameters and electrolyte levels should be measured before and after each cisplatin based chemotherapy cycle. More investigations are required to evaluate this method with higher doses of cisplatin.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Cisplatin; 5Fluorouracil; Nephrotoxicity; chemotherapy; Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA1001 Forensic Medicine. Medical jurisprudence. Legal medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Oct 2018 12:41 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Oct 2018 12:41 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7156 |
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