Kassa, Fentaye (2016) Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity Of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Leaves of Urtica Simensis Hochst. Ex. A. Rich. (Urticaceae). Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Most antimicrobials used in the reduction of common infectious diseases have now been rendered ineffective owning to development of resistance. To overcome this resistance problem, search of alternative antimicrobial agents from medicinal plants is highly encouraged. Urtica simensis Hochst. ex. A. Rich. is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections in Ethiopian folklore medicine. However, the antimicrobial activity of the leaves of this plant has not been scientifically validated. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the antimicrobial activity of both 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of the leaves of Urtica simensis. The 80% methanol extract was prepared by maceration and the fractions were obtained by successive fractionation of the 80% methanol extract with chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol followed by distilled water. The antimicrobial activity were evaluated on eight bacterial and two fungal species using agar well diffusion method at concentrations of 200, 400 and 800 mg/ml in the presence of positive and negative control. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth micro-dilution method. Among the gram positive bacteria, the most susceptible specie was Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC of 1.36 mg/ml). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Aspergillus niger were most susceptible species in gram negative bacteria and fungi with respective MIC values of 2.54 and 3.13 mg/ml. Least value of MIC, MBC and MFC were 1.36, 5.21 and 6.25 mg/ml respectively. In general, n-butanol fraction exhibited greater activity against gram positive bacteria while ethyl acetate fraction revealed greater activity against gram negative bacteria and fungi. Chloroform fraction showed least activity against most test organisms while aqueous fraction did not show activity against any of test organisms. This finding provides a scientific evidence for claimed traditional use of Urtica simensis.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | antimicrobial activity, agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, Urtica simensis |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Oct 2018 13:36 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Oct 2018 13:36 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7186 |
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