Tefera, Fetlework Bereded (2015) Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pnemococcal Colonization of the Nasopharnix among Children Attending Kindergarten, Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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PDF (Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pnemococcal Colonization of the Nasopharnix among Children Attending Kindergarten, Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia)
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Abstract
Background: One of the most important potential pathogens found in the microflora of the nasopharynx is Streptococcus pneumoniae. S. pneumoniae (pneumococceus) is a major cause of disease, ranging from uncomplicated respiratory tract infections to severe invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and risk factors of pneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx among children <6 years of age attending kindergartens in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2014 to June 2014 in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the sample. A total of 239 healthy children were enrolled from four governmental and three private kindergartens. A calcium alginate tipped swab on a flexible aluminium shaft was used to collect nasal swab.Standard techniques of culture on blood agar were used to identify S. pneumoniae.The antibiotic susceptibilities of isolates assessed by the disc diffusion method. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0.Chi-squire tests were used for analysis was used to determine demographic characteristics and prevalence of each isolated organism. A p-value of <0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Result: The overall carriage prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae was 44.8% (n=107) and crowded living (AOR = 0.459; CI, 0.570-2.439), earlier antibiotic use within 2-4weeks (AOR = 8.004 CI, 1136- 56.409), and presence of siblings < 5 years old at home (AOR = 0.467; CI, 0.234-0.933) were associated with pneumococcal carriage. Pneumococcal carriage was not associated with sex, family size, breast-feeding. Six (5.6%) S. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone, 9 (8.4%) to chloramphenicol, 47 (43.9%) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT), 17 (15.9%) to erythromycin, 10(9.3%) to penicillin and 24(22.4%) to tetracycline. Ninty three (86.9) S. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to Ceftriaxone 93(86.9%) and 95(88.8%) were susceptible to Chloramphenicol. Conclusions: Colonization of the nasopharynx in children attending kindergartens in Bahir Dar was high. Half of the isolates of S. pneumoniae were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Nasopharyngeal carriage; S. pneumoniae; Antimicrobial susceptibility; Children; Ethiopia |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Oct 2018 10:55 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Oct 2018 10:55 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7192 |
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