Belay, Gashaw (2015) Genetic Diversity Analysis of Ethiopian Orobanche crenata Population Using Microsatellite Markers (SSR). Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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PDF (Genetic Diversity Analysis of Ethiopian Orobanche crenata Population Using Microsatellite Markers (SSR))
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Abstract
Orobanche crenata (Broomrape) is a parasitic weed which imposes considerable yield losses on food legume crops particularly on faba bean. In Ethiopia more than 0.5 million ha of faba bean production have been at risk of Orobanche infestation. Attempts have been made on the development of O. crenata control strategies; however there is no single approach to control such parasitic weed. Information on genetic diversity and virulence genetics of O. crenata are limited in our country. Moreover, understanding such information has valuable input on the control and diagnosis of parasitic weeds. However, no attempts were made to study population genetics of parasitic weed on faba bean in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was designed with the aim to assess the genetic diversity of O. crenata populations from Ethiopia; using transferable SSR markers. A total of 96 samples were collected from South Tigray (30), South Gondar (30), South Wollo (31), and North Wollo (5). Genomic DNA was isolated from Silca gel dried O. crenata samples using modified CTAB method. Out of 79 O. cumana SSR markers 30 SSR markers were selected for cross amplification on O. crenata. Reaction amplification was performed by using touchdown PCR program and amplicon were processed to QIAxcel gel electrophoresis. From 30 tested SSR loci; 11 SSR markers were identified and determined as functional and transferable markers. Different biological software was used for molecular data analysis. An average number of allele, gene diversity, heterozygosity, and PIC values for the SSR loci were 9.6, 0.82, 0.38, and 0.80, respectively. An average of 59 percent of polymorphic loci per population was recorded; the mean observed and expected heterozygosity, allelic range, gene number and diversity, and Garza-Williamson index values for the all population was 0.37, 0.78, 21.68, 48, 0.77 and 0.45, respectively. South Wollo population was exhibited high gene diversity as compared to others. The Nie’s genetic distance revealed that population of South Wollo and South Gondar has 88% similarity whereas individual from North Wollo showed divergent to others. The Analysis of Molecular Variation (AMOVA) has also shown that 97% and 3 % of the total variation was due to the within and among populations variation, respectively. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the 96 samples clearly divided into two major group and six subgroups. Principal coordinate analysis (PCO) also separated the entire sample into three major groups and fully supported by STRUCTURE, that assigned all samples in to three subpopulations. However, there is no clear distinction were made about the distribution of genotypes in different groups based on their geographical origins. Overall, high level of genetic diversity achieved from this study could be used as pioneer information for O. creanta control strategies and diagnosis mechanism in Ethiopia. Furthermore the findings could be applied for the improvement of faba bean breeding
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Orobanche crenata; Broomrape; SSR markers; Genetic diversity |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QK Botany T Technology > T Technology (General) |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Selom Ghislain |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Nov 2018 09:46 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Nov 2018 09:46 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7291 |
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