Neway, Sebsib (2016) Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of External Ocular Infections with Associated Risk Factors in Alert Center, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: An ocular infection is public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia. Bacteria are major causative agents that frequently cause infections in the eyes and possibly lead to loss of vision. Resistance of bacteria isolated from the ocular to antimicrobial agents is a Global concern. Thus the present study will provide essential information on the prevalence of bacterial infection and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolate. The result of the study will help to formulate a policy for treatment and prevention of external ocular infections. Objectives: To assess bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of external ocular infections with its associated risk factors in ALERT Center, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from May, 2015 to August, 2015. A total of 288 samples were collected and inoculated on Blood agar, Chocolate agar, MacConkey agar and Mannitol salt agar. Presumptive isolates were further identified by a series of biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was performed for all isolated bacteria according to the criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI, 2014) by disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Results: A total of 288 patients were enrolled. From the total of external ocular infections cases, bacterial origins were isolated among 59.4% (n=171/288). The majority of the study subjects were males 53.1% (n=153/288). Gram positive bacteria were the most dominant isolate accounting 70.2% (n=120/171). The most frequent pathogens isolated were S. aureus 36.8% (n=63/171), followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) 31.6% (n=54/171). Most of the bacteria isolated showed high resistance to Penicillin 91.6% and Tetracycline 70.6% while, Gentamicin 94% was the most effective antibiotic against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The overall prevalence multiple drug resistance was 93% (n=159/171) Gram positive 97.5% (n=117/120) and Gram negative 82% (n=42/51). Most of the variables were not statistically significant except for repeated infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of bacterial pathogens among external ocular samples was high. Most of the isolates were drug resistance for commonly used antibiotics. Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin was the most effective antimicrobial agents for both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial from external ocular infections.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jul 2018 13:05 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jul 2018 13:05 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/7934 |
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