Assefa, Solomon (2014) Prevalence of Group B Streptococci Colonization and Susceptibility Pattern among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics of Health Institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Background: Group B Streptococci (GBS) is the leading cause of septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia in neonates. Maternal colonization with GBS is the principal risk factor for earlyonset of invasive GBS disease in infants. GBS is now recognized to be an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world; however, it has been little studied in Ethiopia. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of GBS colonization, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and identify risk factors related to GBS among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of Health Institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted from May-August, 2014. Consented participants’ information was collected using structured questionnaire. A total of 281 vaginal swabs were collected by consecutive sampling technique and inoculated into Todd Hewitt Broth and later sub cultured on 5% blood agar for isolation of GBS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the criteria of the clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines 2013 by disk diffusion method. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used. A 95 % CI and P- value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result: The overall prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women was 14.6% (41/281). GBS colonization was significantly associated with health institutions and inversely related with history of contraceptive use (P<0.05). All GBS isolated were susceptible to chloramphenicol. Resistance to tetracycline, cefotaxime, clindamycin, penicillin, vancomycin, ampicillin and erythromycin was 90.2%, 34.1%, 26.8%, 19.5%, 17%, 14.6% and 7.5% respectively. Conclusion and Recommendation: There was high isolation frequency of GBS colonization (14.6%) and resistance to the commonly used antibiotics which suggests the importance of the screening of GBS colonization in pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation and testing their antimicrobial susceptibilities in order to provide antibiotic prophylaxis.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Group B Streptococci, prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, risk factors |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2018 08:04 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2018 08:04 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/8055 |
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