Prevalence of Pathogenic Bacteria and Parasite from Stool Sample and Antimicrobial Suscebtibility Test for Identified Bacteria among Food Handlers at Ledeta Sub City Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Negussie, Teshome (2017) Prevalence of Pathogenic Bacteria and Parasite from Stool Sample and Antimicrobial Suscebtibility Test for Identified Bacteria among Food Handlers at Ledeta Sub City Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.

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Abstract

Background: The spread of food borne diseases via food handlers is a common and persistent problem worldwide. Food handlers with poor personal hygiene could be potential source of infections of many intestinal helminthes, protozoa and enteropathogenic bacteria. Antimicrobial resistance occurs when bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi become resistant to antimicrobial drugs that are used for treating the infections they cause. Objective: To assess the magnitude of common bacteria and parasite from stool sample and their antimicrobial susceptibility test for isolated bacteria among food handlers of selected hotels and restaurants at Ledeta sub city Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to isolate pathogenic bacteria and parasite among food handlers of Ledeta sub city hotels and restaurants from February to April 2017. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data & predisposing factors. Stool samples collected from 422 food handlers were put in Cary-Blair transport media, and then cultured on BAP, MacConkey, SMac, XLD, and TCBS. Isolated organisms further identified by biochemical test and drug susceptibility tests were done using CLIS recommendation. Stool specimens were also examined microscopically for the presence of eggs, cysts and trophozoites of intestinal parasites. All components of data were entered using EPI-INFO 3.5.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 computer software. Results: The majority of study participants were females 319 (75.5%). About 42 (10%) of food handlers were found to be positive for different intestinal parasites. with the most abundant parasite were Ascaries lumbricoides 6 (1.4 %) and hook worm 1(0.2%). Among cestodes, Taenia species 5 (1.2 %) were observed while none of the trematodes was seen. There was a total of 30 (7.1%) cases of protozoan infections harbored of which Giardia lamblia and Entameba histolytica accounted 3.6 % (15) for each. Stool cultures revealed bacteria was isolated from 20 food handlers; giving a bacterial isolation rate of 4.7%.Among bacterial isolate only Salmonella typhi (3.1%) and Shigella flexneri (1.7%) were isolated of these, 12 were Salmonella typhi and 5 were Shigella flexneri were isolated from female. No Sorbitol non fermented E. coli and Vibrio cholera were isolated from stool sample of food handlers. Out of 13 isolated Salmonella typhi 11 of them were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin ,6 of them were sensitive to Co-trimoxazole but 9 of them or 69% of isolated Salmonella typhi were resistant to Ampicillin.From all isolated Shigella flexinery, 85.7 % were sensitive to Co-trimoxazole and 71.4% of them were sensitive to Ciprofloxacilline. But 57.14% intermediate to Ampicillin,14.3% resistant to both Ciprofloxacin and Co-trimoxazole. Conclusions: The present study revealed a high prevalence of intestinal parasite and bacteria in asymptomatic (apparently health) food handlers. Such infected food handlers can contaminate food, drinks and could serve as source of infection to consumers via food chain. Poor Personal hygiene characters during the work after touching dirty materials and different body parts before preparing food items, untrimmed fingernail, and unhygienic condition of working environment are main source of risk factors and play a role for transmission of food born infections. Regular screening of food handlers and educating them should be promoted.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Intestinal parasites, Bacteria, Antimicrobial, Food handler
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Divisions:	Africana
Depositing User:	Emmanuel Ndorimana
Date Deposited:	09 Aug 2018 10:03
Last Modified:	09 Aug 2018 10:03
URI:	http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/8229

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