Gebretsadik, Daniel (2014) Addis Ababa University, School of Post Graduate Studies, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Program in Tropical and Infectious Diseases. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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PDF (Addis Ababa University, School of Post Graduate Studies, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Program in Tropical and Infectious Diseases)
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Abstract
Background: Globally, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in Ethiopia, ranking 8th in the list of the world’s 22 high burden countries for tuberculosis in 2012. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis poses a formidable challenge to control tuberculosis due to its complex diagnostic and treatment challenges. Objective: To investigate the molecular epidemiology of mycobacterial isolates at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital and to characterize their drug susceptibility pattern phenotypically and genotypically Materials and Methods: Sputum samples were collected from smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients visiting DBRH from January 2013 to April 2014. The bacteria were isolated on Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube liquid media and drug susceptibility was determined phenotypically on this media and genotypically by MTBDRplus. Finally molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by deletion typing and spoligotyping. Results: A total of 40 smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were included, 32 of them were new cases and 8 were retreatment cases. Out of 40 smear positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, 14 were resistant at least for one of the four first line drug, isoniazid resistance was a predominant (14) followed by streptomycin (5) and ethanbutol (5). There were also 3 multi drug resistant cases; two of them were new cases. Absence of previous history of imprisonment (AOR=0.02; 95%CI = (0.001 to 0.84)) and being new case (AOR=0.01; 95%CI = (0.0001 to 0.69)) are significantly association with a reduced risk to resistance at least to one drug. katG gene, but not inhA gene, responsible for isoniazid resistance and rpoB gene was responsible for rifampicin resistance. There were 32 shared spoligotype and 8 orphan strains, Spoligo International Typing (SIT) 53 was dominant strains. The predominant family was T1 (15, 37.5%) followed by CAS (10); T3-ETH (5); LAM 9 (3); family 36 and T1/H3 each (2); Beijing family, family X2 and family 34 each consists of one. Conclusion: Even though this study was conducted on small sample size, the reported rate of first line drug resistance and the existence of various strain type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate is an indicator for the need of large scale study in the study area.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Debre Berhan, drug susceptibility pattern, TB, MGIT, MTBDRplus |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Vincent Mpoza |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Oct 2018 12:40 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Oct 2018 12:40 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/6820 |
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