Tadesse, Sileshi (2014) Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Clinical Specimens and Nasal Swabs of Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Masters thesis, Addis Ababa University.
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Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria causing several community acquired and nosocomial infections. Development of antimicrobial resistance has limited treatment options against infections due to this pathogen. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2013 to June, 2014 to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from clinical specimen and nasal swabs of patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 188 Swabs from post-surgery wound infection, ear infection and corresponding nasal swabs were collected using convenient sampling method. Samples were cultured for S. aureus according to standard procedures. Isolates were tested for susceptibility to panels of 18 antimicrobial agents using disc diffusion assay. Susceptibility to methicillin was phenotypically determined based on sensitivity of isolates to cefoxitin and oxacillin. A total of 79 S. aureus isolates were recovered from 54(57.4%) patients out of the 94 involved in the study. Fourty isolates were from wound swabs and 39 from nasal swab. The isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (100%), Oxacillin and Cefoxitin (68.4%, each), Clindamycin (63.3%), Cephalothin (59.5%), Tetracycline (57%), Cotrimoxazole and Bacitracin (53.2%, each), and Erythromycin (51.9%). Majority of the isolates (n=67, 94.9%) exhibited multi drug resistance and one isolate was resistant to all the tested drugs . Sixty-eight percent of the isolates were methicillin resistant (MRSA) and 44.3% were resistant for vancomycin. In conclusion, S. aureus isolates from patients in Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital exhibited resistance to antibiotics most commonly used for the treatment of staphylococcal infections. This calls for urgent need of prudent use of antimicrobial agents and prescription of antimicrobial agents should be based on drug susceptibility test and selection of antibiotic for surgical prophylaxis needs careful consideration.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Staphylococcus aureus, post-surgical infection, otitis media, drug sensitivity, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Africana |
| Depositing User: | Emmanuel Ndorimana |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2018 06:43 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2018 06:43 |
| URI: | http://thesisbank.jhia.ac.ke/id/eprint/8023 |
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